area
779 452 km2
population
about 68 million inhabitants
Capital
Ankara
geography
The Republic of Turkey is bordered on the west by Greece, Bulgaria and the Mediterranean Sea. In the north Turkey borders on the Black Sea and on the eastern side on Georgia, Armenia, Iran, Iraq and Syria. The Asian part of Turkey with Anatolia and Asia Minor covers an area of ​​about 97% of the country.
destinations
The most popular holiday destinations are Izmir, Bodrum, Kemer, Antalya, Belek, Side and Alanya and they are located on the western and southern coast of Turkey.
language
The national language is Turkish. German is nevertheless very widespread.
health
There are no vaccination regulations. You should be careful when enjoying uncooked food. Tap water and ice cubes in drinks and ice cream should be avoided. Malaria still occurs in the eastern part of the country. However, the Mediterranean coast of Turkey is malaria free.
religion
Islamic, Christian and Jewish minorities.
local time
CET + 1; March to October: CET + 2.
voltage
220V
currency
1 “New Turkish Lira (YTL)” = 100 “New Kurus (YKr)”
credit
All major credit cards such as: Visa, MasterCard, Eurocard, American Express, Diners Club are mostly accepted.
Embassy in Ankara
Germany: Atatürk Bulvari 114, Ankara. Tel. 312/455 51 00, Fax 426 69 59
entry
German citizens only need an identity card or passport if they do not stay in the country for more than three months. Upon entry by car, a valid passport is required because the vehicle is registered in the passport.
photos
Photographing military equipment is strictly prohibited.
public holidays
Official holidays

1st of January New Year.
April 23 Independence Day. A day dedicated to children.
May 19th Youth and sports festival
August 30th Victory Day: Military parades.
October 29th Day of the Republic

Climate in northern Turkey:
In the north of Turkey there is a pleasant and balanced climate with warm summers and mild winters. However, precipitation often occurs.
Climate in the eastern part of Turkey:
It is raining more in eastern Turkey than in the western part of the Black Sea.
West & amp; South of Turkey:
In the west and south of Turkey, there is a Mediterranean climate with long, hot summers and mild winters. The further you go to the south, the higher the air and water temperature rises. The rainiest days on the Turkish Riviera are the months of November to February. In Antalya, Alanya, Side, Kemer, Belek, Marmaris, Bodrum, Fethiye and Kusadasi you have perfect weather all year round.
Central & amp; East of Turkey:
In central Turkey and in the east you will find hot and dry summers. The winters are snowy and cold here.
Best travel time
Since the coastal areas in the west and south are very hot in July and August, the months of May, June, September and October are the best time to travel. On the Turkish Riviera near Antalya it is mostly pleasant outside of these months.

Turkey is richly endowed with farm animals. Especially cattle, horses, buffaloes, sheep and goats are found here in excess.

In contrast, the camel population decreased constantly. As a load carrier, he finds hardly any use today.

Everywhere in the country, small game species and wild boar are to be found. Due to intensive hunting, however, stocks are steadily declining.

The brown bear, the wolf, the jackal and the lynx are still found in predators today.

Many species of birds hibernate in Turkey. The Kuscenneti National Park is known as a bird paradise. Pelicans, storks, cormorants, wild ducks and pheasants are found here.

36% of the total area of Turkey is used for agriculture. 26% of the land area is covered by Wälderb.

In eastern Turkey, the flora is the most varied and varied. There are endless wildflowers in the plateaus.

In the steppe regions there are shrubs, coniferous forests and black pines. Thistles and cactus plants can also be found in the dry areas.

In the north of the country and on the Black Sea coast there are plantations with hazelnut, corn and tea.

The south of Turkey is more characterized by fruit and cotton plantations. Here you will also find evergreen hedges, shrubs, oak trees, olive trees and carob trees.

10,000 BC Chr.
Nomadic tribes explore the land. They immortalize themselves through cave paintings.
3000 BC Chr.
The first permanent settlements are built. Troja is one of the oldest cities from this period.
1500 BC Chr.
Greek tribes found settlements on the Turkish aall; gäis. Trade between the Greek colonies and Greece arises.
500 BC Chr.
The Persians conquer coastal cities on the Mediterranean.
334 BC Chr.
Asia Minor is conquered by Alexander the Great.
around 200 BC Chr.
The Romans conquer the southern coast of Turkey. They take over the economy and the culture of the country. Temples, aqueducts, streets, baths and theaters are built by the Romans.
330 AD
Byzantium is renamed Constantinople (later: Istanbul). The city becomes the capital of the Roman Empire. The Christian faith is spreading.
11th to 15th century
Islamic Turkic tribes conquer parts of the Eastern Roman Empire. The Ottomans are gaining influence and power.
17th century
The Ottoman Empire loses its power through various wars.
1914-1918
During the First World War, the Ottoman Empire is in the Alliance of Germany and Austria. Due to the defeat some areas have to be handed over to the Allies.
1919-1922
Mustafa Kemal (“Atatürk”) organizes the resistance. The occupying powers are defeated.
1923-1938
Atatürk founds the Turkish Republic. Far-reaching reforms are being carried out. Turkey has a cultural view of Western European countries. Atatürk died in 1938.
1939 – 1945
During World War II, Turkey remains neutral.
1960 – 1980
During various military coups, there are always changing power relations.
1983
New elections are being held. This starts a huge economic boom. The tourist boom begins to develop in Turkey as an important economic factor.
1984
The Kurds demand autonomy. This leads to terrorist attacks by the Kurdish Workers’ Party PKK.
1987
The first efforts are being made to join the EU.
1990
In the conflicts in the Middle East, Turkey is the only member of NATO as an important partner.

Visitors to Turkey will find a rich variety of vegetables in their dishes. Fresh vegetables are of particular importance in Turkish cuisine. Vegetable dishes are prepared neat or with meat.

Vegetables are also filled with rice and minced meat (dolma) or eaten cold with olive oil. It also offers lamb, veal, beef and chicken. The devout Muslim is not allowed to eat pork.

For breakfast there is tea or thin coffee and sweet pastries or white bread with tomatoes, cucumbers, sheep cheese or yogurt (mixed with Turkish honey).

Mezeler – the appetizers
Visitors coming to Turkey for the first time are surprised by the variety of small dishes. Appetizers are served on a large tray with small plates.

Dolmas are stuffed peppers with rice, currants and pine nuts that are wrapped in grape leaves.

Humus is a spicy paste made from chickpeas.

Cigara boerks are filled with white cheese and parsley. There are also Zuchinipuffer and baked Zuchinibüten.

Doner kebab
Doner kebab is the Turkish alternative to the Big Mac. Slices of meat are sliced ​​off the rotating skewer and stuffed with raw onions and lettuce into the pide (a sliced ​​flatbread).

Gözleme
Gözleme (pronounced Gösleme) is a thin pancake that is equivalent to crepes. He is baked on a curved sheet metal. It is then filled with a mixture of sheep’s cheese and parsley.

lahmacun
Lahmacun (pronounced: Lach-mah-dschun) is a mixture of pizza and tortilla. On dough minced meat is thinly spread and spiced with fresh garden herbs.

beverages

Ayran
Ayran is a yoghurt drink diluted with a little water. It is lightly salted and is very refreshing. Ayran is served chilled and quenches the thirst on hot days.
Raki
Raki is an alcoholic beverage and is often enjoyed by the Turks. Raki is about 45% pure anise brandy. He is “diluted” with 2/3 of water at the table. It turns milky cloudy on dilution. The Turks also call him “Aslan-süt” (lion’s milk). It is drunk for starters as well as for sweet dessert, fish and meat. The toast is: “Scherefe” (for well-being).
tea
Tea ( ay written and spoken: chai) is drunk on every occasion. You can get it when shopping at the store as well as at the bazaar.
coffee
The Turkish coffee is prepared and served in the Cezve (pot with the stem). Coffee powder is boiled with water and sugar at low heat. When the liquid lathers, the kahve is served in small mocha cups. It is served in three different ways: sade (unsweetened), orta (medium or low sugar) and sekerli (sweet).
Turkish dictionary:
Appetite – is

Apple elma

Apple juice – elma suyu

Orange – portacal

Orange juice – portakal suyu

Apple tea – elma ayi

Artichoke – enginar

Ayran (A kind of buttermilk) – ayran

Baklava (Sweet Food Variety) – baklava muz

Beer – bira

I am full – doydum

Pear poverty

Börek (pasta) – börek

Beans – fasülye

Beans with meat – etli kuru fasülye

Bread – ekmek

Bulgur – bulgur

Bulgur rice – bulgur pilavi

Butter – tere yag

Cacik – cacik

Eating chicken – erkes tavugu

Köig Köfte (raw meatballs) – Köig Köfte

Doner kebab

Egg yumurta

Ice (frozen water) – buz

Ice (no ice cubes) – dondurma

Pea – bezelye

Strawberry – ilek

Peanut fis

Food – yemek

Vinegar

Fish – balik

Meat – et

Fresh – tahze

Fruit juice – meyve suyu

Breakfast – kahvalti

Breakfast room – kahvalti salonu

Fork – atal

Roasted peppers – beaver kizartmasi

Stuffed pepper – beaver dolmasi

Filled – dolma

Cooked – haslama

Cooked rice – pilav

Mixed ice cream – karisik dondurma

Drink – i ecek

Spice baharat

Grill – Mangal

Rabbit – tavsan

Brain salad – beyin salatasi

Honey – bal

Cheese – peynir

Coffee – kahve

Calf – dana

Potato soup – patates corbasi

Kasar Peynir (A Type of Cheese) – kasar Peynir

Kazan dibi (sweet dish) – kazan dibi

Garlic – sarmisak

Cabbage – lahana

Lettuce – marul salatasi

Cake – pasta

Kitchen – mutfak

Cow – inek

Lamb chops – pirzola

Lemonade – limonata

Lokum (Turkish delight) – lokum

Jam – recel

Menemen – menemen

Mercimek soup – mercimek corbasi

Knife – bicak

Butcher – kasap

Milk süt

Mineral water – maggots suyu

With milk – sütlü

With paprika – biberli

With different – esitli

With sugar – sekerli

Carrot – havu

Mus ezme

Shells – midye

Not fresh – bayat

Pasta – makarna

Fruit – meyva

Opener – acacak

–l – yag

Olive – zeytin

Parsley – maydonoz

Peach – seftali

Plum – erik

Mushroom mantar

Leek – prasa

Cheers

Pure – sade

Turkey – hindi

Faucet – esme

Raki (anise brandy) – raki

Smoke – duman

Ravioli – manti

Beef – sir

Red wine – kirmizi sarap

Salad – salata

Sauer – eksi

Shepherd salad – oban salatasi

Sharp – aci

Tastes good – lezetli

Schnitzel – biftek

Mustard – hardal

Napkin – pe ete

Simit (sesame rings) – simit

Spinach – ispanac

Sweet – tatli

Soup – orba

Tarhana soup – tarhana orbasi

Mug – fincan

Tea – ay

Tea kettle – aydanlik

Dough – hamur

Plate – tobacco

Tomato paste – sal a

Tomato salad – domates salatasi

Drink – i mek

Bird’s head (meat dish) – kusbasi

Watermelon – karpuz

Wine – sarap

White cheese (sheep cheese) – beyaz peynir

White wine – beyaz sarap

Weighing – tartmak

Sausage – sucuk

Yayla soup – yayla orbasi

Sugar Seeker

Onion – so-called